Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change 7th Edition

Published by McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN 10: 007351117X
ISBN 13: 978-0-07351-117-7

Chapter 11 - Problems - Page 451: 11.28

Answer

See explanation below.

Work Step by Step

Electrons in bonding orbitals stabilize the molecule because they are between the nuclei. They also have lower energies because they are closer to the nuclei. Antibonding orbitals place less electron density between the nuclei. The nuclear repulsions are greater, so the energy of the molecule increases. Antibonding orbitals are at higher energy levels than bonding orbitals. Antibonding sigma orbitals have higher energy levels and less electron density between the nuclei. Antibonding pi orbitals have higher energy levels and less electron density between the nuclei.
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