Answer
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Work Step by Step
Here are the examples you requested:
1. Linear Molecular Structure:
a) Example of a polar (dipolar) compound: Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Explanation: Carbon dioxide (CO2) has a linear molecular structure, but it is a polar molecule because the difference in electronegativity between the carbon and oxygen atoms results in an unequal sharing of electrons, leading to a net dipole moment.
b) Example of a non-polar compound: Diatomic nitrogen (N2)
Explanation: Diatomic nitrogen (N2) has a linear molecular structure, and the equal sharing of electrons between the two nitrogen atoms results in a net zero dipole moment, making it a non-polar molecule.
2. Trigonal Planar Molecular Structure:
a) Example of a polar (dipolar) compound: Boron trifluoride (BF3)
Explanation: Boron trifluoride (BF3) has a trigonal planar molecular structure, but it is a polar molecule because the difference in electronegativity between the boron and fluorine atoms results in an unequal sharing of electrons, leading to a net dipole moment.
b) Example of a non-polar compound: Benzene (C6H6)
Explanation: Benzene (C6H6) has a trigonal planar molecular structure, and the symmetrical arrangement of the carbon and hydrogen atoms results in a net zero dipole moment, making it a non-polar molecule.
3. Tetrahedral Molecular Structure:
a) Example of a polar (dipolar) compound: Water (H2O)
Explanation: Water (H2O) has a tetrahedral molecular structure, and the difference in electronegativity between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms results in an unequal sharing of electrons, leading to a net dipole moment, making it a polar molecule.
b) Example of a non-polar compound: Methane (CH4)
Explanation: Methane (CH4) has a tetrahedral molecular structure, and the equal sharing of electrons between the carbon and hydrogen atoms results in a net zero dipole moment, making it a non-polar molecule.
