Answer
See the explanation
Work Step by Step
To solve this problem, we need to complete the Lewis structures, determine the bond angles, identify the hybridization of the carbon atoms, and analyze the planarity and the number of sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds in the given molecules.
Acrylonitrile:
Lewis Structure:
```
H
|
H-C=C-C≡N
|
H
```
Bond Angles:
a. H-C-H: Approximately 109.5° (tetrahedral)
b. C=C-C: Approximately 120° (trigonal planar)
c. C≡N: Approximately 180° (linear)
Hybridization:
- The carbon atoms in the C=C double bond are sp2 hybridized.
- The carbon atom in the C≡N triple bond is sp hybridized.
Planarity:
In acrylonitrile, all the atoms in the molecule must lie in the same plane, as the C=C double bond and the C≡N triple bond are both planar.
Bonds:
- Acrylonitrile has 4 σ bonds and 1 π bond.
Methyl Methacrylate:
Lewis Structure:
```
H H
| |
H-C-C=C-C-O-CH3
| |
CH3 H
```
Bond Angles:
d. H-C-H: Approximately 109.5° (tetrahedral)
e. C=C-C: Approximately 120° (trigonal planar)
f. C-O-C: Approximately 109.5° (tetrahedral)
Hybridization:
- The carbon atoms in the C=C double bond are sp2 hybridized.
- The carbon atom in the C-O-C group is sp3 hybridized.
Bonds:
- Methyl methacrylate has 7 σ bonds and 1 π bond.
In summary, the key points are:
Acrylonitrile:
- Lewis structure with all lone pairs shown
- Bond angles: a. H-C-H ~109.5°, b. C=C-C ~120°, c. C≡N ~180°
- Hybridization: C=C sp2, C≡N sp
- All atoms lie in the same plane
- 4 σ bonds, 1 π bond
Methyl Methacrylate:
- Lewis structure with all lone pairs shown
- Bond angles: d. H-C-H ~109.5°, e. C=C-C ~120°, f. C-O-C ~109.5°
- Hybridization: C=C sp2, C-O-C sp3
- 7 σ bonds, 1 π bond
