Answer
See the explanation
Work Step by Step
a. Lewis Structures:
1. $POCl_{3}$:
- The central atom is P, and it is surrounded by 3 Cl atoms and 1 O atom.
- P has 5 valence electrons, each Cl has 7 valence electrons, and O has 6 valence electrons.
- To satisfy the octet rule, P needs to form 4 bonds, and each Cl and O need to form 2 bonds.
- The Lewis structure is:
${P=O-Cl-Cl-Cl}$
2. $SO_{4}^{2-}$:
- The central atom is S, and it is surrounded by 4 O atoms.
- S has 6 valence electrons, and each O has 6 valence electrons.
- To satisfy the octet rule, S needs to form 4 bonds, and each O needs to form 2 bonds.
- The Lewis structure is:
${O=S(=O)=O}$
3. $XeO_{4}$:
- The central atom is Xe, and it is surrounded by 4 O atoms.
- Xe has 8 valence electrons, and each O has 6 valence electrons.
- To satisfy the octet rule, Xe needs to form 4 bonds, and each O needs to form 2 bonds.
- The Lewis structure is:
${O=Xe(=O)=O}$
4. $PO_{4}^{3-}$:
- The central atom is P, and it is surrounded by 4 O atoms.
- P has 5 valence electrons, and each O has 6 valence electrons.
- To satisfy the octet rule, P needs to form 4 bonds, and each O needs to form 2 bonds.
- The Lewis structure is:
${O=P(=O)(-O)(-O)}$
5. $ClO_{4}^{-}$:
- The central atom is Cl, and it is surrounded by 4 O atoms.
- Cl has 7 valence electrons, and each O has 6 valence electrons.
- To satisfy the octet rule, Cl needs to form 4 bonds, and each O needs to form 2 bonds.
- The Lewis structure is:
${O=Cl(=O)(-O)(-O)}$
b. Lewis Structures:
1. $NF_{3}$:
- The central atom is N, and it is surrounded by 3 F atoms.
- N has 5 valence electrons, and each F has 7 valence electrons.
- To satisfy the octet rule, N needs to form 3 bonds, and each F needs to form 1 bond.
- The Lewis structure is:
${F-N-F}$
2. $SO_{3}^{2-}$:
- The central atom is S, and it is surrounded by 3 O atoms.
- S has 6 valence electrons, and each O has 6 valence electrons.
- To satisfy the octet rule, S needs to form 3 bonds, and each O needs to form 2 bonds.
- The Lewis structure is:
${O=S(=O)-O}$
3. $PO_{3}^{3-}$:
- The central atom is P, and it is surrounded by 3 O atoms.
- P has 5 valence electrons, and each O has 6 valence electrons.
- To satisfy the octet rule, P needs to form 3 bonds, and each O needs to form 2 bonds.
- The Lewis structure is:
${O=P(-O)(-O)}$
4. $ClO_{3}^{-}$:
- The central atom is Cl, and it is surrounded by 3 O atoms.
- Cl has 7 valence electrons, and each O has 6 valence electrons.
- To satisfy the octet rule, Cl needs to form 3 bonds, and each O needs
