Answer
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Work Step by Step
There are several experimental evidences that support the quantum theory of light, including:
Photoelectric effect: When light shines on a metal surface, electrons are emitted from the surface. The energy of these emitted electrons is dependent on the frequency of the light, not the intensity. This phenomenon is explained by the wave-particle duality of light, which states that light can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties.
Compton effect: When X-rays collide with a target, they can cause the target's electrons to scatter. The wavelength of the scattered X-rays is found to be longer than the wavelength of the incoming X-rays. This phenomenon is explained by the wave-particle duality of light, which states that light can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties.
Double-slit experiment: When light is shone through two slits, an interference pattern is observed on a screen behind the slits. This pattern is similar to the pattern produced by waves passing through the slits. This phenomena is explained by the wave-like properties of light.
The wave-particle duality of all matter states that all particles, not just light, can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. This means that particles can have a wavelength and a frequency, and can also be described by a wave function.
For particles that are larger than atoms, such as macroscopic objects like marbles or balls, the wave properties are not observable and the particle properties are dominant. However, as the size of the particles decreases, the wave properties start to become more significant. The size at which wave-like properties become significant depends on the type of particle, but for particles such as electrons and atoms, the wave-like properties are important and must be considered in addition to the particle properties.
