Answer
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The first ionization energy of helium refers to the energy required to remove one electron from a helium atom in its ground state. This process involves removing an electron from the 1s orbital, resulting in a helium ion with a +1 charge.
The second ionization energy of helium refers to the energy required to remove a second electron, which involves removing an electron from the helium ion (He+) formed in the first ionization. Since the first electron is already removed, the second ionization energy is higher because the remaining electron is held more tightly by the positive charge of the helium ion.
