Answer
a. correct name: 2-methylbutane
b. correct name: 3-iodo-3-methyl-heptane
c.correct name:2-methyl-2-pentene
d.correct name: 3-bromo-2-butanol
Work Step by Step
a. The first rule states that the longest carbon chain will determine the base name. In this case the longest chain is 4 carbon atoms (but-) and NOT 3 carbon atom (NOT pro-)
b.The longest chain in is 7 carbon atoms (use Hept-) and not 6 carbon atoms (Do not use hex-). Moreover, it is important to number the chain with the nearest branching, therefore the lowest numbers must be use to name the substituents.
c. The double bond must be at the lowest position.
d. The alcohol group (the hydroxide, OH) has to be at the lowest possible position in the chain.