Answer
Each testis is supplied with blood from a testicular artery. This vessel branches off the abdominal aorta, below the renal artery and passes downward through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.
The blood pressure in the testicular artery is low (there is no pulse here), and the supply of blood and oxygen is poor; but the sperms develop large mitochondria to deal with the low oxygen environment.
Work Step by Step
Testicular drainage
A complex of veins-- the pampiniform plexus -- drains the each testis. These join together and leave the testis as a single testicular vein on each side. The right testicular vein drains into the inferior vena cava and the left testicular vein drains into the left renal vein.
The lymphatic drainage is provided by lymph vessels that travel through the inguinal canal with the testicular veins. These lymphatic vessels end up in lymph nodes close to the abdominal aorta-- the lateral aortic and iliac nodes.
Testicular nervous supply.
The nerve supply of the testes comes from spinal nerves-- spinal segments T10-T11. These are mixed sensory and motor nerves. The motor component is mainly pain nerves; the autonomic component --mainly sympathetic, but some parasympathetic --is mainly vasomotor.
