Answer
a. $0.498$
b. $0.109$
c. “Female” and “pathologist” are not independent.
Work Step by Step
Calculate sums of each row and column.
Total = 124645
a. P (male|pediatrician)=$33020/66371=0.498$
b. P(pathologist|female)=$5604/51247=0.109$
c. Are the characteristics “female” and “pathologist” independent? Explain.
P(pathologist)=$18179/124645=0.146$
Since P(pathologist|female)$\ne$P(pathologist)
“Female” and “pathologist” are not independent.