An Introduction to Mathematical Statistics and Its Applications (6th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-13411-421-3
ISBN 13: 978-0-13411-421-7

Chapter 4 Special Distributions - 4.3 The Normal Distribution - Questions - Page 256: 29

Answer

$\color{blue}{\approx 29.85}$

Work Step by Step

Given $\mu=40, \sigma$ the unknown standard deviation. To find $\sigma$ given: $\begin{align*} P(20 \le Y\le 60) &= 0.50 \\ P\left(\frac{20-40}{\sigma}\le \frac{Y-\mu}{\sigma}\le \frac{60-40}{\sigma}\right) &= 0.50 \\ P\left(-\frac{20}{\sigma}\le Z\le\frac{20}{\sigma}\right) &= 0.50,\ Z\sim N(0,1) \\ 2P\left( 0\le Z\le \frac{20}{\sigma} \right) &= 0.50 \qquad \text{[ since }\ f_z(z)\ \text{is symmetric about}\ z=0\ ] \\ P\left( 0\le Z\le \frac{20}{\sigma} \right) &= 0.25 \\ P(Z\lt 0) + P\left( 0\le Z\le \frac{20}{\sigma} \right) &= 0.5 + 0.25,\quad \text{[ since }\ P(Z\lt 0) = 0.5\ ] \\ P\left(Z\le \frac{20}{\sigma} \right) &= 0.75 \\ F_Z\left(\frac{20}{\sigma}\right) &\approx F_Z(0.67) \qquad \text{[ see Appendix Table A.1, pp. 675-6 ]} \\ \frac{20}{\sigma} &\approx 0.67, \text{[ since}\ 0\lt F_Z(z)\lt 1 \ \text{is one-to-one}\ ] \\ \sigma &\approx \frac{20}{0.6745} \\ \sigma\ &\color{blue}{\approx 29.85} \end{align*}$
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