Precalculus (6th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 013421742X
ISBN 13: 978-0-13421-742-0

Chapter 8 - Application of Trigonometry - Chapter 8 Test Prep - Review Exercises - Page 840: 45

Answer

$$90^\circ ;{\text{orthogonal}}$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & {\text{Let the vectors }}\left\langle {5, - 3} \right\rangle {\text{ and }}\left\langle {3,5} \right\rangle \cr & {\text{Geometric interpretation of the dot product}} \cr & \cos \theta = \frac{{{\bf{u}} \cdot {\bf{v}}}}{{\left| {\bf{u}} \right|\left| {\bf{b}} \right|}} \cr & {\text{Substitute the given vectors}} \cr & \cos \theta = \frac{{\left\langle {5, - 3} \right\rangle \cdot \left\langle {3,5} \right\rangle }}{{\left| {\left\langle {5, - 3} \right\rangle } \right|\left| {\left\langle {3,5} \right\rangle } \right|}} \cr & {\text{Simplify}} \cr & \cos \theta = \frac{{\left( 5 \right)\left( 3 \right) + \left( { - 3} \right)\left( 5 \right)}}{{\sqrt {{{\left( 5 \right)}^2} + {{\left( { - 3} \right)}^2}} \cdot \sqrt {{{\left( 3 \right)}^2} + {{\left( 5 \right)}^2}} }} \cr & \cos \theta = \frac{0}{{\sqrt {25 + 9} \cdot \sqrt {9 + 25} }} \cr & \cos \theta = 0 \cr & {\text{Therefore,}} \cr & \theta = 90^\circ \cr & {\text{The vectors are orthogonal}} \cr} $$
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