Finite Math and Applied Calculus (6th Edition)

Published by Brooks Cole
ISBN 10: 1133607705
ISBN 13: 978-1-13360-770-0

Chapter 16 - Section 16.3 - Integrals of Trigonometric Functions and Applications - Exercises - Page 1179: 57

Answer

$\dfrac{1}{2}$; Converges

Work Step by Step

We need to use formula: $\int_0^{+\infty} e^{-x} \cos dx=\lim\limits_{M \to +\infty}\int_a^{M} f(x) \ dx$ Therefore, $\int_0^{\infty}e^{-x} \cos x dx=\lim\limits_{M \to +\infty}\int_0^{M} e^{-x} \cos x dx=e^{-x} \sin x +\int e^{-x} \sin x dx\\=e^{-x} \sin x -e^{-x} \cos x -\int e^{-x} \cos x dx$ This implies that $2 \int e^{-x} \cos x dx=e^{-x} \sin x -e^{-x} \cos x +C$ or, $ \int e^{-x} \cos x dx=\dfrac{1}{2} e^{-x} \sin x - \dfrac{1}{2}e^{-x} \cos x +C$ Now, we will evaluate the limits . $\lim\limits_{M \to +\infty} [\int e^{-x} \cos x dx ]=\lim\limits_{M \to +\infty}[\dfrac{1}{2} e^{-x} \sin x - \dfrac{1}{2}e^{-x} \cos x +C ]_0^M=- \dfrac{1}{2}e^{-\infty} \sin M- \dfrac{1}{2}e^{-\infty} \cos M\\=\dfrac{1}{2}$ This shows that the improper integral converges .
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