Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321749006
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-900-0

Chapter 7 - Integration - 7.1 Antiderivatives - 7.1 Exercises - Page 368: 71

Answer

$$ a(t)=\frac{15}{2}\sqrt {t}+3e^{-t},\quad \quad [v(0)=-3,\quad s(0)=4] $$ The distance is given by: $$ s(t) =(2 t^{5 / 2}+3 e^{-t})+1 $$

Work Step by Step

$$ a(t)=\frac{15}{2}\sqrt {t}+3e^{-t},\quad \quad [v(0)=-3,\quad s(0)=4] $$ First find $v(t)$ by integrating $a(t)$ $$ \begin{aligned} v(t) &= \int\left(a(t)\right) d t \\ &=\int\left(\frac{15}{2} \sqrt{t}+3 e^{-t}\right) d t \\ &=\int\left(\frac{15}{2} t^{1 / 2}+3 e^{-t}\right) d t \\ &=\frac{15}{2}\left(\frac{t^{3 / 2}}{\frac{3}{2}}\right)+3\left(\frac{1}{-1} e^{-t}\right)+C \\ &=5 t^{3 / 2}-3 e^{-t}+C \end{aligned} $$ for some constant $C$. Find $C$ from the given information that $v(t)=-3$ when $t=0.$ $$ \begin{aligned} v0) =5 (0)^{3 / 2}-3 e^{-(0)}+C&=-3\\ -3 +C&=-3\\ C&=-3+3=0\\ \end{aligned} $$ So, $$ v(t) =5 t^{3 / 2}-3 e^{-t} $$ Since $v(t)=s^{\prime}(t)$,the function $s(t)$ s an antiderivative of $v(t)$ $$ \begin{aligned} s(t) &=\int v(t) dt \\ &=\int\left(5 t^{3 / 2}-3 e^{-t}\right) d t \\ &=5\left(\frac{t^{5 / 2}}{\frac{5}{2}}\right)-3\left(-\frac{1}{1} e^{-t}\right)+k \\ &=2 t^{5 / 2}+3 e^{-t}+k \end{aligned} $$ for some constant $k$. Find $k$ from the given information that $s(t)=4$ when $t=0.$ $$ \begin{aligned} s(0)=2 (0)^{5 / 2}+3 e^{-(0)}+k &=4\\ 3+k &=4\\ k &=4-3\\ k&=1\\ \end{aligned} $$ So,the distance is given by: $$ s(t) =(2 t^{5 / 2}+3 e^{-t})+1 $$
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