Calculus: Early Transcendentals 8th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1285741552
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-155-0

Chapter 15 - Section 15.4 - Applications of Double Integrals - 15.4 Exercise - Page 1025: 8

Answer

$D$ is bounded by $ y=x^{2}, y=x+2$; $\rho(x, y)=kx^{2}$ The mass of the lamina is $m=\frac{63}{20} k,$ and the center of mass is $$ (\bar{x}, \bar{y})=\left(\frac{8}{7}, \frac{118}{49}\right). $$

Work Step by Step

$D$ is bounded by $ y=x^{2}, y=x+2$; $\rho(x, y)=kx^{2}$ The curves $ y=x^{2}, y=x+2$ intersect when $$ x^{2}=x+2 \quad \Leftrightarrow \quad x^{2}-x-2=0 \quad \Leftrightarrow \quad x=-1, x=2 $$ Thus, the region $D$ is defined by: $$ D=\left\{(x, y ) | \quad -1 \leq x \leq 2, \quad x^{2} \leq y \leq x+2 \right\} $$ is shown in the Figure. (Note that the equation of the upper boundary is $y=x+2$ and lower boundary is $y=x^{2}$ .) The mass of the lamina is $$ \begin{aligned} m&=\iint_{D} \rho(x, y) d A\\ &=\int_{-1}^{2} \int_{x^{2}}^{x+2} k x^{2} d y d x \\ &=k \int_{-1}^{2} x^{2} [y]_{y_{y}-x^{2}}^{y=x+2} d x\\ &=k \int_{-1}^{2}\left(x^{3}+2 x^{2}-x^{4}\right) d x \\ &=k\left[\frac{1}{4} x^{4}+\frac{2}{3}x^{3}-\frac{1}{5} x^{5}\right]_{-1}^{2} \\ &=k\left(\frac{44}{15}+\frac{13}{60}\right)\\ &=\frac{63}{20} k,\\ \\ M_{y}& =\int_{-1}^{2} \int_{x^{2}}^{x+2} k x^{3} d y d x\\ &=k \int_{-1}^{2} x^{3}[y]_{y=x^{2}}^{y=x+2} d x\\ &=k \int_{-1}^{2}\left(x^{4}+2 x^{3}-x^{5}\right) d x\\ &=k\left[\frac{1}{5} x^{5}+\frac{2}{4} x^{4}-\frac{1}{6} x^{6}\right]_{-1}^{2} \\ &=k\left(\frac{56}{15}-\frac{2}{15}\right)\\ &=\frac{18}{5} k,\\ M_{x} &=\int_{-1}^{2} \int_{x^{2}}^{x+2} k x^{2} y d y d x \\ &=k \int_{-1}^{2} x^{2}\left[\frac{1}{2} y^{2}\right]_{y=x^{2}}^{y=x+2} d x \\ &=\frac{1}{2} k \int_{-1}^{2} x^{2}\left(x^{2}+4 x+4-x^{4}\right) d x \\ &=\frac{1}{2} k \int_{-1}^{2}\left(x^{4}+4 x^{3}+4 x^{2}-x^{6}\right) d x \\ & =\frac{1}{2} k\left[\frac{1}{5} x^{5}+ x^{4}+\frac{4}{3} x^{3}-\frac{1}{7} x^{7}\right]_{-1}^{2} \\ &=k\left(\frac{776}{105}+\frac{41}{210}\right)\\ &=\frac{531}{70} k. \end{aligned} $$ Hence the mass of the lamina is $m=\frac{63}{20} k,$ and the center of mass is $$ (\bar{x}, \bar{y})=\left(\frac{M_{y}}{m}, \frac{M_{x}}{m}\right) =\left(\frac{\frac{18}{5} k}{\frac{63}{20} k}, \frac{\frac{531}{70} k}{\frac{63}{20} k}\right)=\left(\frac{8}{7}, \frac{118}{49}\right) $$
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