Calculus: Early Transcendentals (2nd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321947347
ISBN 13: 978-0-32194-734-5

Chapter 6 - Applications of Integration - 6.8 Logarithmic and Exponential - 6.8 Exercises - Page 480: 46

Answer

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Work Step by Step

\[\begin{gathered} \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\ln \left( {1 + x} \right)}}{x} \hfill \\ {\text{Making a table of values and using a calculator}} \hfill \\ \boxed{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} x&{\frac{{\ln \left( {1 + x} \right)}}{x}}&x&{\frac{{\ln \left( {1 + x} \right)}}{x}} \\ {{{10}^{ - 1}}}&{0.953102}&{ - {{10}^{ - 1}}}&{1.053605} \\ {{{10}^{ - 2}}}&{0.995033}&{ - {{10}^{ - 2}}}&{1.005034} \\ {{{10}^{ - 3}}}&{0.999500}&{ - {{10}^{ - 3}}}&{1.000500} \\ {{{10}^{ - 4}}}&{0.999950}&{ - {{10}^{ - 4}}}&{1.000050} \\ {{{10}^{ - 5}}}&{0.999995}&{ - {{10}^{ - 5}}}&{1.000005} \\ {{{10}^{ - 6}}}&{1.000000}&{ - {{10}^{ - 6}}}&{1.000001} \\ {{{10}^{ - 7}}}&{1.000000}&{ - {{10}^{ - 7}}}&{1.000000} \end{array}} \hfill \\ \hfill \\ {\text{Find the limit using the L'Hopital's Rule}} \hfill \\ \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\ln \left( {1 + x} \right)}}{x} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {\ln \left( {1 + x} \right)} \right]}}{{\frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ x \right]}} \hfill \\ \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\ln \left( {1 + x} \right)}}{x} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\frac{1}{{1 + x}}}}{{\left( 1 \right)}} \hfill \\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{1}{{1 + x}} \hfill \\ {\text{Evaluating the limit}} \hfill \\ \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{1}{{1 + x}} = \frac{1}{{1 + 0}} \hfill \\ \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{1}{{1 + x}} = 1 \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \]
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