Calculus 8th Edition

Published by Cengage
ISBN 10: 1285740629
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-062-1

Chapter 3 - Applications of Differentiation - 3.8 Newton's Method - 3.8 Exercises - Page 276: 7

Answer

$$ f(x)=\frac{2}{x}-x^{2}+1 $$ The third approximation to the root of the given equation is $\approx 1.5215$

Work Step by Step

$$ f(x)=\frac{2}{x}-x^{2}+1 $$ We apply Newton’s method with $$ f(x)=\frac{2}{x}-x^{2}+1 $$ and $$ f^{\prime}(x)=-\frac{2}{x^{2}}-2 x $$ $$ x_{n+1}=x_{n}-\frac{f\left(x_{n}\right)}{f^{\prime}\left(x_{n}\right)}=x_{n}-\frac{\frac{2}{x_{n}}-x_{n}^{2}+1 }{-\frac{2}{x_{n}^{2}}-2 x_{n}} $$ So $$ x_{n+1}=x_{n}-\frac{2 / x_{n}-x_{n}^{2}+1}{-2 / x_{n}^{2}-2 x_{n}} $$ Now, with $n= 1 , x_{1}=2$ we have $$ \begin{aligned} x_{2} &=x_{1}-\frac{2 / x_{1}-x_{1}^{2}+1}{-2 / x_{1}^{2}-2 x_{1}}\\ &=2-\frac{1-4+1}{-1 / 2-4} \\ &=2-\frac{-2}{-9 / 2} \\ &=\frac{14}{9} \end{aligned} $$ with $n= 2 , x_{2}=\frac{14}{9}$ we have $$ \begin{aligned} x_{3}&=x_{2}-\frac{2 / x_{2}-x_{2}^{2}+1}{-2 / x_{2}^{2}-2 x_{2}}\\ &=\frac{14}{9}-\frac{2 /(14 / 9)-(14 / 9)^{2}+1}{-2(14 / 9)^{2}-2(14 / 9)} \\ &\approx 1.5215 \end{aligned} $$
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