Calculus (3rd Edition)

Published by W. H. Freeman
ISBN 10: 1464125260
ISBN 13: 978-1-46412-526-3

Chapter 13 - Vector Geometry - 13.4 The Cross Product - Exercises - Page 678: 53

Answer

${\bf{i}} \times {\bf{j}} = {\bf{k}}$, ${\ \ }$ ${\bf{j}} \times {\bf{k}} = {\bf{i}}$, ${\ \ }$ ${\bf{k}} \times {\bf{i}} = {\bf{j}}$ ${\bf{i}} \times {\bf{i}} = {\bf{j}} \times {\bf{j}} = {\bf{k}} \times {\bf{k}} = {\bf{0}}$

Work Step by Step

From Eq. (5) we have ${\bf{i}} \times {\bf{j}} = {\bf{k}}$, ${\ \ }$ ${\bf{j}} \times {\bf{k}} = {\bf{i}}$, ${\ \ }$ ${\bf{k}} \times {\bf{i}} = {\bf{j}}$ ${\bf{i}} \times {\bf{i}} = {\bf{j}} \times {\bf{j}} = {\bf{k}} \times {\bf{k}} = {\bf{0}}$ We verify this by using the components of ${\bf{i}}$, ${\bf{j}}$ and ${\bf{k}}$: ${\bf{i}} = \left( {1,0,0} \right)$, ${\ \ }$ ${\bf{j}} = \left( {0,1,0} \right)$, ${\ \ }$ ${\bf{k}} = \left( {0,0,1} \right)$ Using the formula for the cross product, we obtain ${\bf{i}} \times {\bf{j}} = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\bf{i}}&{\bf{j}}&{\bf{k}}\\ 1&0&0\\ 0&1&0 \end{array}} \right| = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&0\\ 1&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{i}} - \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&0\\ 0&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{j}} + \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&0\\ 0&1 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{k}}$ ${\bf{i}} \times {\bf{j}} = {\bf{k}}$ ${\bf{j}} \times {\bf{k}} = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\bf{i}}&{\bf{j}}&{\bf{k}}\\ 0&1&0\\ 0&0&1 \end{array}} \right| = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&0\\ 0&1 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{i}} - \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&0\\ 0&1 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{j}} + \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&1\\ 0&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{k}}$ ${\bf{j}} \times {\bf{k}} = {\bf{i}}$ ${\bf{k}} \times {\bf{i}} = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\bf{i}}&{\bf{j}}&{\bf{k}}\\ 0&0&1\\ 1&0&0 \end{array}} \right| = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&1\\ 0&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{i}} - \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&1\\ 1&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{j}} + \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&0\\ 1&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{k}}$ ${\bf{k}} \times {\bf{i}} = {\bf{j}}$ ${\bf{i}} \times {\bf{i}} = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\bf{i}}&{\bf{j}}&{\bf{k}}\\ 1&0&0\\ 1&0&0 \end{array}} \right| = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&0\\ 0&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{i}} - \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&0\\ 1&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{j}} + \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&0\\ 1&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{k}}$ ${\bf{i}} \times {\bf{i}} = {\bf{0}}$ ${\bf{j}} \times {\bf{j}} = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\bf{i}}&{\bf{j}}&{\bf{k}}\\ 0&1&0\\ 0&1&0 \end{array}} \right| = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&0\\ 1&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{i}} - \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&0\\ 0&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{j}} + \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&1\\ 0&1 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{k}}$ ${\bf{j}} \times {\bf{j}} = {\bf{0}}$ ${\bf{k}} \times {\bf{k}} = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\bf{i}}&{\bf{j}}&{\bf{k}}\\ 0&0&1\\ 0&0&1 \end{array}} \right| = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&1\\ 0&1 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{i}} - \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&1\\ 0&1 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{j}} + \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&0\\ 0&0 \end{array}} \right|{\bf{k}}$ ${\bf{k}} \times {\bf{k}} = {\bf{0}}$
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