Answer
a. $\frac{1}{2}i$
b. $j$
c. $\frac{1}{2}(s+1)^2i-sj$
d. $\frac{∆t(4+∆t)}{2}i-∆t j$
Work Step by Step
$\boxed{\textbf{Please see image below for work shown.}}$
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