Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 7 - Principles Of Integral Evaluation - 7.3 Integrating Trigonometric Functions - Exercises Set 7.3 - Page 507: 32

Answer

$$\frac{{{{\tan }^7}x}}{7} + \frac{{{{\tan }^5}x}}{5} + C$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \int {{{\tan }^4}\theta {{\sec }^4}\theta } d\theta \cr & {\text{split }}{\sec ^4}\theta \cr & = \int {{{\tan }^4}\theta {{\sec }^2}\theta {{\sec }^2}\theta } d\theta \cr & {\text{identity se}}{{\text{c}}^2}\theta = {\tan ^2}\theta + 1 \cr & = \int {{{\tan }^4}\theta \left( {{{\tan }^2}\theta + 1} \right){{\sec }^2}} \theta d\theta \cr & = \int {\left( {{{\tan }^6}\theta + {{\tan }^4}\theta } \right){{\sec }^2}\theta } d\theta \cr & {\text{substitute }}u = \tan x,{\text{ }}du = {\sec ^2}xdx \cr & = \int {\left( {{u^6} + {u^4}} \right)du} \cr & {\text{find the antiderivative by the power rule}} \cr & = \frac{{{u^7}}}{7} + \frac{{{u^5}}}{5} + C \cr & {\text{write in terms of }}x,{\text{ replace }}u = \tan x \cr & = \frac{{{{\tan }^7}x}}{7} + \frac{{{{\tan }^5}x}}{5} + C \cr} $$
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