Intermediate Algebra: Connecting Concepts through Application

Published by Brooks Cole
ISBN 10: 0-53449-636-9
ISBN 13: 978-0-53449-636-4

Chapter 4 - Quadratic Functions - 4.7 Graphing Quadratics from Standard Form - 4.7 Exercises - Page 388: 68

Answer

$ y\leq \frac{3}{5} x^2+\frac{12}{5} x-3$

Work Step by Step

The $y$ intercept and the two points of the $x$ intercepts are clearly visible from the graph. These points can be used to find an equation of the parabola. $y$- intercept: $(0,-3)$ $x$-intercepts: $(-5,0),(1,0)$ \begin{equation} \begin{aligned} & f(x)=a x^2+b x+c \\ & f(0)=c=-3 \end{aligned} \end{equation} We determine $a$ and $b$: \begin{equation} \begin{aligned} f(x)& =a x^2+b x-3 \\ f(-5)& =25 a-5 b-3=0 \\ f(1) &=a+b-3=0. \end{aligned} \end{equation} Now solve the system of equations for the values of $a$ and $b$. \begin{equation} \begin{cases} 25 a-5 b & =3 \\ a+3 & =3 \end{cases} \end{equation} Solve for $b$ in term of $a$. \begin{equation} \begin{aligned} b & =3-a \\ \end{aligned} \end{equation} Substitute for $b$ in the first equation and solve. \begin{equation} \begin{aligned} 25a-5(3-a)& =3 \\ 25a+5a-15 & =3 \\ 30 a & =3+15 \\ 30 a & =18\\ a=\frac{18}{30}\\ a=\frac{3}{5} \end{aligned} \end{equation} and \begin{equation} \begin{aligned} b & =3-\frac{3}{5} \\ & =\frac{3(5)-3}{5} \\ & =\frac{12}{5} \end{aligned} \end{equation} The equation of the parabola is. \begin{equation} f(x)=\frac{3}{5} x^2+\frac{12}{5} x-3. \end{equation} The graph of the quadratic function is sketched as a solid curve because there is an "equal to" part. Now we have to find the inequality sign. We take a test point, for example $(0,0)$. The solution is the region which does not contain this point. We have: $$\begin{aligned} y&=0\\ \frac{3}{5} x^2+\frac{12}{5} x-3&=\frac{3}{5} (0^2)+\frac{12}{5}(0)-3\\ &=-3\end{aligned} $$ As $0\geq -3$, we choose the opposite inequality sign "less or equal to" ($\leq$). The inequality is: $$y\leq \frac{3}{5} x^2+\frac{12}{5} x-3.$$
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