Elementary Linear Algebra 7th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1-13311-087-8
ISBN 13: 978-1-13311-087-3

Chapter 3 - Determinants - 3.2 Determinants and Elementary Operations - 3.2 Exercises - Page 119: 44

Answer

See the proof below.

Work Step by Step

We have: $$ \left|\begin{array}{ccc} 1+a & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 1+b & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & 1+c \end{array}\right|=a b c \frac{111}{a b c}\left|\begin{array}{ccc} 1+a & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 1+b & 1 \\ 1 & 1+c \end{array}\right|=a b c\left|\begin{array}{ccc} \frac{1}{a}+1 & \frac{1}{b} & \frac{1}{c} \\ \frac{1}{a} & \frac{1}{b}+1 & \frac{1}{c} \\ \frac{1}{a} & \frac{1}{b} & \frac{1}{c}+1 \end{array}\right| $$ Adding the second column and the third column to the first column, we have $$ \left|\begin{array}{ccc} 1+a & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 1+b & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & 1+c \end{array}\right|=a b c\left|\begin{array}{ccc} \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+1 & \frac{1}{b} & \frac{1}{c} \\ \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+1 & \frac{1}{b}+1 & \frac{1}{c} \\ \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+1 & \frac{1}{b} & \frac{1}{c}+1 \end{array}\right|=a b c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+1\right)\left|\begin{array}{ccc} 1 & \frac{1}{b} & \frac{1}{c} \\ 1 & \frac{1}{b}+1 & \frac{1}{c} \\ 1 & \frac{1}{b} & \frac{1}{c}+1 \end{array}\right| $$ Multiply the first row with (-1) and add to the second row. Then, multiply the first row with (-1) and add to the third row. $$ \left|\begin{array}{ccc} 1+a & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 1+b & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & 1+c \end{array}\right|=a b c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+1\right)\left|\begin{array}{cc} 1 & \frac{1}{b} & \frac{1}{c} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}\right|=a b c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+1\right) $$
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