Elementary Linear Algebra 7th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1-13311-087-8
ISBN 13: 978-1-13311-087-3

Chapter 2 - Matrices - 2.2 Properties of Matrix Operations - 2.2 Exercises - Page 60: 36

Answer

$AB\neq BA$.

Work Step by Step

We have \begin{align*} (A+B)(A+B)&=A^2+AB+BA+B^2 \\ &\neq A^2+2AB++B^2 . \end{align*} This because, $AB\neq BA$ in general. For example, consider $$A=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{1} &{2} \\{0}& {1} \end{array}\right], \quad B=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{1} &{0} \\{-1}& {1} \end{array}\right].$$ Now, one can see that $$AB=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{1} &{2} \\{0}& {1} \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}{1} &{0} \\{-1}& {1} \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{-1} &{2} \\{-1}& {1} \end{array}\right]$$ $$BA=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{1} &{0} \\{-1}& {1} \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}{1} &{2} \\{0}& {1} \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}{1} &{2} \\{-1}& {-1} \end{array}\right]$$ Hence, $AB\neq BA$.
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