College Algebra (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321979478
ISBN 13: 978-0-32197-947-6

Chapter 10 - Section 10.3 - Probability - 10.3 Assess Your Understanding - Page 707: 72

Answer

See below.

Work Step by Step

We can get this by using the fact that the result is $1-P(\text{no people have birthdays on the same day}).$ We know that probability$=\frac{\text{number of favourable outcomes}}{\text{number of all outcomes}}.$ There are $13$ people in total. The number of all outcomes is $365^{35}$, because all people can have birthdays on each day. If we want to choose $k$ elements out of $n$ regarding the order, not allowing repetition, we can do this in $_{n}P_k=\frac{n!}{(n-k)!}$ ways. The order matters here when choosing the birthdays, thus we have to use permutations. We have $35$ people for $365$ spots, thus the number of good outcomes is: $_{365}P_{35}=\frac{365!}{(365-35)!}$ Thus probability=$1-\frac{\frac{365!}{(365-35)!}}{365^{35}}\approx0.814$
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