Chapter 12 - Inheritance and Polymorphism - Programming Exercises - Page 431: 12.5

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# 12.5 (Game: Tic-tac-toe) Write a program that plays the tic-tac-toe game. Two players # take turns clicking an available cell in a grid with their respective tokens # (either X or O). When one player has placed three tokens in a horizontal, vertical, # or diagonal row on the grid, the game is over and that player has won. A draw (no # winner) occurs when all the cells in the grid have been filled with tokens and neither # player has achieved a win. Figure 12.17 shows the representative sample runs # of the example.Assume that all the cells are initially empty, and that the first player takes the X # token and the second player the O token. To mark a cell, the player points the # mouse to the cell and clicks it. If the cell is empty, the token (X or O) is displayed. # If the cell is already filled, the player’s action is ignored. # Define a custom class named Cell that extends Label for displaying a token and # for responding to the button-click event. The class contains a data field token with # three possible values—' ', X, and O—that denote whether the cell has been occupied # and which token is used in the cell if it is occupied. # The three image files x.gif, o.gif, and empty.gif can be obtained from # cs.armstrong.edu/liang/py/book.zip in the image folder. Use these three images # to display the X, O, and empty cells. from tkinter import * class Cell(Label): def __init__(self, container, row, col): super().__init__(container) img = PhotoImage(file='empty.gif') self["image"] = img self.image = img # keep a reference! self.__row = row self.__col = col self.grid(row=self.__row, column=self.__col) def setImage(self, i): img = PhotoImage(file=i) self["image"] = img self.image = img # keep a reference! class Main(): def __init__(self): window = Tk() self.frame = Frame(window) self.frame.pack() self.turn = 'x' self.board = [] for i in range(3): self.board.append([]) for j in range(3): self.board[i].append(-1) # Empty self.cell00 = Cell(self.frame, 0, 0) self.cell00.bind('', self.setImage0) self.cell01 = Cell(self.frame, 0, 1) self.cell01.bind('', self.setImage1) self.cell02 = Cell(self.frame, 0, 2) self.cell02.bind('', self.setImage2) self.cell10 = Cell(self.frame, 1, 0) self.cell10.bind('', self.setImage3) self.cell11 = Cell(self.frame, 1, 1) self.cell11.bind('', self.setImage4) self.cell12 = Cell(self.frame, 1, 2) self.cell12.bind('', self.setImage5) self.cell20 = Cell(self.frame, 2, 0) self.cell20.bind('', self.setImage6) self.cell21 = Cell(self.frame, 2, 1) self.cell21.bind('', self.setImage7) self.cell22 = Cell(self.frame, 2, 2) self.cell22 = Cell(self.frame, 2, 2) self.cell22.bind('', self.setImage8) fram = Frame(window) fram.pack() self.lbl = Label(fram) self.lbl.pack() window.mainloop() def setImage0(self, event=None): if self.turn == 'x': self.cell00.setImage('x.gif') if self.board[0][0] == -1: self.board[0][0] = 1 # 1 is x if self.isWin(self.board, 1): self.lbl['text'] = "Player X won!" self.turn = 'o' else: self.cell00.setImage('o.gif') if self.board[0][0] == -1: self.board[0][0] = 0 # 0 is o if self.isWin(self.board, 0): self.lbl['text'] = "Player O won!" self.turn = 'x' def setImage1(self, event=None): if self.turn == 'x': self.cell01.setImage('x.gif') if self.board[0][1] == -1: self.board[0][1] = 1 # 1 is x if self.isWin(self.board, 1): self.lbl['text'] = "Player X won!" self.turn = 'o' else: self.cell01.setImage('o.gif') if self.board[0][1] == -1: self.board[0][1] = 0 # 0 is o if self.isWin(self.board, 0): self.lbl['text'] = "Player O won!" self.turn = 'x' def setImage2(self, event=None): if self.turn == 'x': self.cell02.setImage('x.gif') if self.board[0][2] == -1: self.board[0][2] = 1 # 1 is x if self.isWin(self.board, 1): self.lbl['text'] = "Player X won!" self.turn = 'o' else: self.cell02.setImage('o.gif') if self.board[0][2] == -1: self.board[0][2] = 0 # 0 is o if self.isWin(self.board, 0): self.lbl['text'] = "Player O won!" self.turn = 'x' def setImage3(self, event=None): if self.turn == 'x': self.cell10.setImage('x.gif') if self.board[1][0] == -1: self.board[1][0] = 1 # 1 is x if self.isWin(self.board, 1): self.lbl['text'] = "Player X won!" self.turn = 'o' else: self.cell10.setImage('o.gif') if self.board[1][0] == -1: self.board[1][0] = 0 # 0 is o if self.isWin(self.board, 0): self.lbl['text'] = "Player O won!" self.turn = 'x' def setImage4(self, event=None): if self.turn == 'x': self.cell11.setImage('x.gif') if self.board[1][1] == -1: self.board[1][1] = 1 # 1 is x if self.isWin(self.board, 1): self.lbl['text'] = "Player X won!" self.turn = 'o' else: self.cell11.setImage('o.gif') if self.board[1][1] == -1: self.board[1][1] = 0 # 0 is o if self.isWin(self.board, 0): self.lbl['text'] = "Player O won!" self.turn = 'x' def setImage5(self, event=None): if self.turn == 'x': self.cell12.setImage('x.gif') if self.board[1][2] == -1: self.board[1][2] = 1 # 1 is x if self.isWin(self.board, 1): self.lbl['text'] = "Player X won!" self.turn = 'o' else: self.cell12.setImage('o.gif') if self.board[1][2] == -1: self.board[1][2] = 0 # 0 is o if self.isWin(self.board, 0): self.lbl['text'] = "Player O won!" self.turn = 'x' def setImage6(self, event=None): if self.turn == 'x': self.cell20.setImage('x.gif') if self.board[2][0] == -1: self.board[2][0] = 1 # 1 is x if self.isWin(self.board, 1): self.lbl['text'] = "Player X won!" self.turn = 'o' else: self.cell20.setImage('o.gif') if self.board[2][0] == -1: self.board[2][0] = 0 # 0 is o if self.isWin(self.board, 0): self.lbl['text'] = "Player O won!" self.turn = 'x' def setImage7(self, event=None): if self.turn == 'x': self.cell21.setImage('x.gif') if self.board[2][1] == -1: self.board[2][1] = 1 # 1 is x if self.isWin(self.board, 1): self.lbl['text'] = "Player X won!" self.turn = 'o' else: self.cell21.setImage('o.gif') if self.board[2][1] == -1: self.board[2][1] = 0 # 0 is o if self.isWin(self.board, 0): self.lbl['text'] = "Player O won!" self.turn = 'x' def setImage8(self, event=None): if self.turn == 'x': self.cell22.setImage('x.gif') if self.board[2][2] == -1: self.board[2][2] = 1 # 1 is x if self.isWin(self.board, 1): self.lbl['text'] = "Player X won!" self.turn = 'o' else: self.cell22.setImage('o.gif') if self.board[2][2] == -1: self.board[2][2] = 0 # 0 is o if self.isWin(self.board, 0): self.lbl['text'] = "Player O won!" self.turn = 'x' def isWin(self, board, c): if board[0][0] == board[0][1] == board[0][2] == c or \ board[1][0] == board[1][1] == board[1][2] == c or \ board[2][0] == board[2][1] == board[2][2] == c or \ board[0][0] == board[1][0] == board[2][0] == c or \ board[0][1] == board[1][1] == board[2][1] == c or \ board[0][2] == board[1][2] == board[2][2] == c or \ board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0] == c or \ board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2] == c: self.cell00.unbind('') self.cell01.unbind('') self.cell02.unbind('') self.cell10.unbind('') self.cell11.unbind('') self.cell12.unbind('') self.cell20.unbind('') self.cell21.unbind('') self.cell22.unbind('') return True Main()