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Hashing is a technique used in computer science to efficiently store and retrieve data in a data structure called a hash table. It involves using a hash function to map data of arbitrary size to fixed-size values, typically integers, known as hash codes or hash values.
A hash function takes an input (or key) and produces a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hash code. This hash code is used as an index to store the data in the hash table. Hash functions should be deterministic, meaning the same input will always produce the same hash code, and they should ideally produce unique hash codes for different inputs to minimize collisions.
A hash table is a data structure that uses hashing to efficiently store and retrieve key-value pairs. It consists of an array of fixed size, where each element is called a bucket or slot. The hash code generated by the hash function determines the index of the bucket where the key-value pair will be stored or retrieved.
