Chapter 3 - Operating Systems - Chapter Review Problems - Page 164: 31

See the explanation

a. To copy a file from one location to another in an operating system, you typically use the command-line interface or a graphical user interface. In a command-line interface, you would use a command like `cp` (on Unix-based systems like Linux) or `copy` (on Windows) followed by the path of the file you want to copy and the destination directory. For example: ``` cp /path/to/source/file /path/to/destination/directory ``` In a graphical user interface, you can usually achieve this by right-clicking on the file you want to copy, selecting "Copy," navigating to the destination directory, and then right-clicking and selecting "Paste." b. To view the directory on a disk in an operating system, you typically use commands like `ls` (on Unix-based systems) or `dir` (on Windows) in the command-line interface. These commands list the files and directories in the current directory. For example: ``` ls ``` or ``` dir ``` In a graphical user interface, you can usually explore the contents of a disk by opening the file explorer or file manager application. c. To execute a program in an operating system, you can typically do so by using the command-line interface or by double-clicking on the program icon in a graphical user interface. In the command-line interface, you would typically type the name of the executable file or command followed by any necessary arguments. For example: ``` ./program_name ``` or ``` program_name argument1 argument2 ``` In a graphical user interface, you can usually run a program by double-clicking on its icon or selecting it from a menu.