Answer
See the explanation
Work Step by Step
The results of parsing and semantic analysis for the two sentences differ based on the conditional statements. In the first sentence, if \( \mathrm{X}<10 \), 1 is subtracted from \( \mathrm{X} \); otherwise, 1 is added. In the second sentence, if \( \mathrm{X}>10 \), 1 is added to \( \mathrm{X} \); otherwise, 1 is subtracted. The distinction lies in the conditions and the corresponding operations.
$\textbf{Parsing difference}$
Parsing is the syntactic analysis of a sentence—checking its grammatical structure and building a parse tree based on the language's grammar rules.
Both sentences:
- Follow the same syntactic structure:
if then else
- Use valid conditional constructs.
- Contain similar components: a condition (X < 10 vs X > 10) and two branches with arithmetic operations on X.
Conclusion: The parse trees for both sentences are structurally identical. The only difference is in the relational operator (< vs >) and the order of actions.
$\textbf{Semantic Analysis Differences}$
Semantic analysis interprets the meaning of the sentence—what it actually does.
Let’s examine each:
Sentence 1:
If X < 10 then subtract 1 from X else add 1 from X
If X is less than 10, it decreases.
If X is 10 or more, it increases.
Behavior: Pushes X toward 10
Sentence 2:
If X > 10 then add 1 to X else subtract 1 from X
If X is greater than 10, it increases.
If X is 10 or less, it decreases.
Behavior: Pushes X away from 10
Semantic Summary
Sentence Behavior Semantic Intent
1 Moves X toward 10 Stabilizing or clamping
2 Moves X away from 10 Diverging or amplifying
