The main characters of the play are:[2]
- Udayana (Vatsaraja) – ruler of Kaushambi.
- Vasavadatta – the daughter of Pradyota, king of Avanti, and queen of Udayana.
- Yaugandharayana – Udayana's faithful minister.
- Padmavati – princess of Magadha, sister of King Darsaka. She is Udayana's second wife.
- Vasantaka – a jester and companion to Udayana