Religio Laici consists of 462 lines of consecutive rhyming couplets. Although it is not divided by breaks or headings into parts or sections, Dryden added notes in the margins to indicate the topics and issues addressed in each section of the poem. These are (in the original spelling):
- Opinions of the several sects of Philosophers concerning the Summum Bonum
- System of Deism
- Of Reveal'd Religion
- Objection of the Deist
- The Objection answer'd
- Digression to the Translator of Father Simon's Critical History of the Old Testament
- Of the infallibility of Tradition, in General
- Objection in behalf of Tradition; urg'd by Father Simon
- The Second Objection
- Answer to the Objection
