Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 35 - AC Circuits - Exercises and Problems - Page 1055: 70

Answer

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Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ As we see below, the inductor voltages lead the current by 90$^\circ$, while the capacitor voltage lags the current by 90$^\circ$. The resistor voltage and current are in phase. The capacitor and the inductor are in parallel, so $$V_L=V_C=V_{LC}\tag 1$$ The compensation of the in-parallel capacitor and the inductor is in series to the resistor, so $$I_{LC}=I_R=I_L-I_C=I\tag 2$$ Also, we can see, from the figure below, that $$\varepsilon_0^2=V_R^2+V_{LC}^2 \tag 3$$ From (2), $$I =\dfrac{V_L}{X_L}-\dfrac{V_C}{X_C}=\dfrac{V_{LC}}{X_L}-\dfrac{V_{LC}}{X_C}$$ $$I = V_{LC}\left[\dfrac{1}{X_L}-\dfrac{1}{X_C}\right]$$ So, $$V_C=\dfrac{I}{\left[\dfrac{1}{X_L}-\dfrac{1}{X_C}\right]}$$ Plug into (3), $$\varepsilon_0^2=V_R^2+\dfrac{I^2}{\left[\dfrac{1}{X_L}-\dfrac{1}{X_C}\right]^2}$$ $$\varepsilon_0^2=I^2R^2+\dfrac{I^2}{\left[\dfrac{1}{X_L}-\dfrac{1}{X_C}\right]^2}$$ Solving for $I$; $$\boxed{I=\dfrac{\varepsilon_0}{\sqrt{R^2+\left[\dfrac{1}{X_L}-\dfrac{1}{X_C}\right]^{-2}}}}$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ When $\omega\rightarrow0$, then $X_L\rightarrow0$, and $X_C\rightarrow \infty$, and hence, $\left[\dfrac{1}{X_L}-\dfrac{1}{X_C}\right]^{-2}=\left[\infty\right]^{-2}\rightarrow 0$ Thus, $$\boxed{I=\dfrac{\varepsilon_0}{R}}$$ And when $\omega\rightarrow\infty$, then $X_L\rightarrow \infty$, and $X_C\rightarrow 0$, and hence, $\left[\dfrac{1}{X_L}-\dfrac{1}{X_C}\right]^{-2}=\left[-\infty\right]^{-2}\rightarrow 0$ Thus, $$\boxed{I=\dfrac{\varepsilon_0}{R}}$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [c]}$$ The resonance frequency occurs when $X_C=X_L$ and this here means that $I_C=I_L$, So, from (2), $$\boxed{I=0\;\rm A}$$
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