Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 34 - Electromagnetic Fields and Waves - Exercises and Problems - Page 1029: 20

Answer

a) ${\bf 2.19\times 10^{11}}\;\rm V/m$ b) $\bf 0.427$

Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ We know that the laser beam is an electromagnetic wave which has an intensity of $I$ that is given by $$I=\dfrac{P}{A_{\rm lens}}=\dfrac{c\epsilon_0 E_0^2}{2}$$ Assuming that the energy is uniformly distributed through a cross-sectional area of the laser beam. Solving for $E_0$; $$ E_0=\sqrt{\dfrac{2P}{\pi c\epsilon_0 r^2_{\rm lens}} }$$ Plug the known; $$ E_0=\sqrt{\dfrac{2(200\times 10^6)}{\pi (3\times 10^8)(8.85\times 10^{-12}) (1\times 10^{-6})^2 } }$$ $$E_0=\color{red}{\bf 2.19\times 10^{11}}\;\rm V/m$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ The ratio needed is $$\dfrac{E_0}{E_{atom}}=\dfrac{ 2.19\times 10^{11}}{E_{atom}}$$ Recalling that the electric field between a proton and an electron is given by $$E=\dfrac{e}{4\pi \epsilon_0 r^2}$$ So, $$\dfrac{E_0}{E_{atom}}=\dfrac{4\pi \epsilon_0 r^2( 2.19\times 10^{11})}{e}$$ Plug the known; $$\dfrac{E_0}{E_{atom}}=\dfrac{ (0.053\times 10^{-9})^2( 2.19\times 10^{11})}{(9\times 10^9)(1.6\times 10^{-19})}$$ $$\dfrac{E_0}{E_{atom}}=\color{red}{\bf 0.427}$$
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