Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 31 - Fundamentals of Circuits - Exercises and Problems - Page 919: 73

Answer

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Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ After a long time $$\boxed{\Delta V_C=\varepsilon}$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ The charge in the capacitor is given by $$Q=C\Delta V_C$$ and since after a long time $\Delta V_C=\varepsilon$, then $$\boxed{Q_{\rm max}=C\varepsilon}$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [c]}$$ since the capacitor is charging, which means that the charge is increasing inside the capacitor, $$I=\dfrac{+dQ}{dt}$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [d]}$$ The current here decreases with time until it becomes zero when $\Delta V_C=\varepsilon$, so $$I=\dfrac{dQ}{dt}=\dfrac{d }{dt}\left[ Q_{\rm max}-Q_{\rm max}\;e^{-t/RC}\right]$$ $$I =Q_{\rm max}\;\dfrac{d }{dt}\left[ 1-e^{-t/RC}\right]$$ $$I =Q_{\rm max}\; \left[ -\dfrac{-1}{RC}e^{-t/RC}\right]$$ Plug $Q_{\rm max}$ from above, $$I = \dfrac{ C\varepsilon}{RC}e^{-t/RC} $$ $$\boxed{I = \dfrac{ \varepsilon}{R }e^{-t/RC} }$$
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