Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 28 - The Electric Potential - Exercises and Problems - Page 835: 48

Answer

$0.283\;\rm rad/s$

Work Step by Step

As we see in the figures below, we need to find the angular velocity of the dipole when it rotates about 90$^\circ$ counterclockwise so it will be aligned with the electric field lines. Since the dipole rotates on a frictionless pivot at its center, the energy is conserved. $$E_i=E_f$$ $$K_i+U_{i,\rm dipole}=K_f+U_{f,\rm dipole}$$ where $_i\rightarrow$ is when the dipole is perpendicular to the electric field lines. And $_f\rightarrow$ when the dipole is aligned with the electric field lines. Recall that $U_{\rm dipole}=- pE\cos\theta$ $$\frac{1}{2}I\omega_i^2+(-pE\cos90^\circ)=\frac{1}{2}I\omega_f^2+(-pE\cos0^\circ)$$ $$\frac{1}{2}I\omega_i^2 =\frac{1}{2}I\omega_f^2 -pE $$ where $\omega_i=0$, so $$ \frac{1}{2}I\omega_f^2 =pE $$ $$ \omega_f =\sqrt{\dfrac{2pE }{I}}$$ Recall that $p=qL$, and that $I=2m(\frac{L}{2})^2$ $$ \omega_f =\sqrt{\dfrac{8qLE }{2mL^2}}$$ $$ \omega_f =\sqrt{\dfrac{8q E }{2mL }}$$ Plug the known; $$ \omega_f =\sqrt{\dfrac{8(2\times 10^{-9})(1000) }{2(1\times 10^{-3})(0.10) }}$$ $$ \omega_f =\color{red}{\bf 0.283}\;\rm rad/s$$
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