Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 28 - The Electric Potential - Exercises and Problems - Page 835: 39

Answer

a) $1.12\times 10^{-20}\;\rm J$ b) $1 .8\times 10^{21}\;\rm ion$

Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ The work needed to move one sodium ion from the inside of the cell to the outside is given by $$W=q \Delta V=e\Delta V$$ where the net charge of one sodium ion is $q=+e$ Plug the known, $$W=(1.6\times 10^{-19})(70\times 10^{-3})$$ $$W=\color{red}{\bf 1.12\times 10^{-20}}\;\rm J$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ We need energy of $ 1.12\times 10^{-20}\;\rm J$ to move one ion, and the body uses 20% of 100 J to move sodium ions, which is about 20 J. Hence, the number of ions is given by $$N=\dfrac{W_{tot}}{W_{ion}}=\dfrac{20}{1.12\times 10^{-20}}$$ $$N=\color{red}{\bf1 .8\times 10^{21}}\;\rm ion$$
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