Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 28 - The Electric Potential - Exercises and Problems - Page 835: 38

Answer

$1.01\times 10^5\;\rm m/s$

Work Step by Step

It is obvious, from the given graph, that the proton moves into a lower potential region, so its speed will increase. And since the energy is conserved, $$E_i=E_f$$ $$E_i+U_{i}=K_ f+U_{f}$$ $$\frac{1}{2}m v_i^2+(eV_i)=\frac{1}{2}mv_f^2 +(eV_f)$$ $$\frac{1}{2}m v_i^2+(eV_i)-(eV_f)=\frac{1}{2}mv_f^2 $$ where $i\rightarrow$ is at point A, and $f\rightarrow$ is at point B. $$ v_A^2+\dfrac{(2eV_A)-(2eV_B)}{m}= v_B^2 $$ Hence, $$ v_B=\sqrt{ v_i^2+\dfrac{ 2e[V_A -V_B]}{m} }$$ Plug the known; $$ v_B=\sqrt{ (50,000)^2+\dfrac{ 2(1.6\times 10^{-19})[30-(-10)]}{1.67\times 10^{-27}} }$$ $$v_B=\color{red}{\bf 100,820}\;\rm m/s$$
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