Answer
(a) Do not affect
(b) Do not affect
(c) Shifts toward products
(d) Shifts toward reactants
Work Step by Step
(a) Adding an inert gas does not affect equilibrium, if the volume remains constant.
(b) $NaHCO_3$ is a solid in this reaction, so its concentration does not affect equilibrium.
(c) Removing $H_2O$, which is a product, shifts equilibrium towards products.
(d) Dry ice is made of $CO_2$ molecules, which is a product. Adding a product shifts equilibrium towards reactants.
