The Tempest

Tempest by William Shakespeare

Part a: how does the author use references to the personal histories of prospero and caliban to advance the plot

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I think the contrasting histories of usurped magician/king (Prospero) and disgraced island monster (Caliban) help to give added conflict and texture to the story. We understand Prospero's need for revenge and to set things "right" again. We also understand Caliban's subservience to Prospero. Caliban becomes Prospero's only subject, doing all of his dirty work; Caliban tries to rape Miranda, and is shunned by both Miranda and Prospero because of this. Both Prospero want a sort of freedom that was taken away from them.