What ideas and characters support courage as a recurring theme or motif in the novel?

Liesel, Max, Hans, Rudy, Mr. Steiner, and Ilsa all serve as examples of courage. Liesel for going on without her mother and brother; Max for having the strength to find Hans and later leave his place of safety; Rudy for consistently going against what was expected and following his heart; Mr. Steiner for putting himself in danger to keep his son safe; and Ilsa for moving forward and opening her heart to Liesel after her sons death.