Answer
a) ion symbol = $Ti^{2+}$
b) ion symbol = $S^{2-}$
c) ion symbol = $Al^{3+}$
d) ion symbol = $Cl^{-}$
e) ion symbol = $Ca^{2+}$
Work Step by Step
a) no. of protons = 22. hence, the element is Titanium.
no. of electrons = 20. Hence, charge on the atom = (22-20) = +2.
Hence, the symbol of the ion $Ti^{2+}$
b) no. of protons = 16. hence, the element is sulfur.
no. of electrons = 18. Hence, charge on the atom = (16-18) = -2.
Hence, the symbol of the ion $S^{2-}$
c) no. of protons = 13. hence, the element is Aluminum.
no. of electrons = 10. Hence, charge on the atom = (13-10) = +3.
Hence, the symbol of the ion $Al^{3+}$
d) no. of protons = 17. hence, the element is chlorine.
no. of electrons = 18. Hence, charge on the atom = (17-18) = -1.
Hence, the symbol of the ion $Cl^{-}$
e) no. of protons = 20. hence, the element is Calcium.
no. of electrons = 18. Hence, charge on the atom = (20-18) = +2.
Hence, the symbol of the ion $Ca^{2+}$
