Answer
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Work Step by Step
The combination of two 2p atomic orbitals can form either a σ or a π molecular orbital, depending on the orientation of the orbitals.
To form a σ molecular orbital, the two 2p atomic orbitals must align along the internuclear axis, with their lobes overlapping directly. This results in a σ bond, where the electron density is concentrated along the internuclear axis, creating a strong covalent bond.
To form a π molecular orbital, the two 2p atomic orbitals must be oriented perpendicular to the internuclear axis, with their lobes overlapping sideways. This results in a π bond, where the electron density is distributed above and below the internuclear axis, creating a weaker bond compared to the σ bond.
