Answer
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Work Step by Step
a. Calcium (\( \mathrm{Ca} \)) has 2 valence electrons. The specific valence electrons for calcium are the 4s electrons.
b. Oxygen (\( \mathrm{O} \)) has 6 valence electrons. The specific valence electrons for oxygen are the 2s and 2p electrons.
c. Element 117 is an artificially created element and is not yet named. As a general rule, elements in Group 17 (Group VIIA) have 7 valence electrons.
d. Indium (\( \mathrm{In} \)) has 3 valence electrons. The specific valence electrons for indium are the 5s and 5p electrons.
e. Argon (\( \mathrm{Ar} \)) has 8 valence electrons. The specific valence electrons for argon are the 3s, 3p, and 3d electrons.
f. Bismuth (\( \mathrm{Bi} \)) has 5 valence electrons. The specific valence electrons for bismuth are the 6s and 6p electrons.
