Answer
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Work Step by Step
a. The law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products. This can be explained by Dalton's atomic theory by stating that atoms are indestructible and cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. They can only be rearranged to form new compounds. Therefore, the total number of atoms present before and after the reaction remains the same, which accounts for the conservation of mass.
b. The law of definite proportion states that in a given compound, the elements are always present in the same proportion by mass. This can be explained by Dalton's atomic theory by stating that compounds are formed by the chemical combination of atoms in fixed ratios. The number of atoms of each element in a compound is always the same, regardless of the source of the compound.
c. The law of multiple proportions states that when two elements form more than one compound, the ratio of the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element is always a ratio of small whole numbers. This can be explained by Dalton's atomic theory by stating that compounds are formed by the chemical combination of atoms in fixed ratios. The ratio of the number of atoms of each element in a compound can vary, but the ratio will always be a small whole number.
