Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 5 - Inner Product Spaces - 5.2 Orthogonal Sets of Vectors and Orthogonal Projections - Problems - Page 359: 2

Answer

$(\frac{2}{\sqrt 5},-\frac{1}{\sqrt 5},\frac{1}{\sqrt 5}),(\frac{1}{\sqrt 3},\frac{1}{\sqrt 3},\frac{-1}{\sqrt 3}),(0,\frac{1}{\sqrt 2},\frac{1}{\sqrt 2})$

Work Step by Step

Let $v_1=(2,-1,1)\\ v_2=(1,1,-1) \\ v_3=(0,1,1)$ Check: $(v_1,v_2)=((2,-1,1),(1,1,-1))=2.1+(-1).1+1.(-1)=0 \\ (v_1,v_3)=((2,-1,1),(0,1,1))=2.0+(-1).1+1.1=0 \\ (v_2,v_3)=((1,1,-1),(0,1,1))=1.0+1.1+1.(-1)=0$ Hence, $v_1,v_2$ and $v_3$ are orthogonal vectors in $R^2$ To determine an orthogonal set, we obtain: $$\frac{v_1}{||v_1||}=\frac{(2,-1,1)}{||(2,-1,1)||}=\frac{(2,-1,1)}{\sqrt 2^2+(-1)^2+1^2}=\frac{(2,-1,1)}{\sqrt 5}=(\frac{2}{\sqrt 5},\frac{-1}{\sqrt 5},\frac{1}{\sqrt 5})$$ $$\frac{v_1}{||v_1||}=\frac{(1,1,-1)}{||(1,1,-1)||}=\frac{(1,1,-1)}{\sqrt 1^2+(-1)^2+1^2}=\frac{(1,1,-1)}{\sqrt 3}=(\frac{1}{\sqrt 3},\frac{1}{\sqrt 3},\frac{-1}{\sqrt 3})$$ $$\frac{v_3}{||v_3||}=\frac{(0,1,1)}{||(0,1,1)||}=\frac{(0,1,1)}{\sqrt 0^2+1^2+1^2}=\frac{(0,1,1)}{\sqrt 2}=(0,\frac{1}{\sqrt 2},\frac{1}{\sqrt 2})$$ Hence, a corresponding orthonormal set of vector is $(\frac{2}{\sqrt 5},-\frac{1}{\sqrt 5},\frac{1}{\sqrt 5}),(\frac{1}{\sqrt 3},\frac{1}{\sqrt 3},\frac{-1}{\sqrt 3}),(0,\frac{1}{\sqrt 2},\frac{1}{\sqrt 2})$
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