Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 11 - Series Solutions to Linear Differential Equations - 11.2 Series Solutions about an Ordinary Point - Problems - Page 740: 2

Answer

See below

Work Step by Step

Given: $y''+2xy'+4y=0$ Let $y=\sum a_nx^n$, obtain: $y''+2xy'+4y$$=\sum k(k-1)(k+2)a_{k}x^{k-2}+2\sum ka_{k}x^k+4\sum a_kx^k\\ =2a_2+4a_0+\sum [(k+1)(k+2)a_{k+2}+2ka_k+4a_k]x^k$ Comparing $x^k$ on both sides: $a_2=-2a_0\\ a_{k+2}=\frac{-6k}{(k+1)(k+2)}a_k$ It gives: $a_2=-2a_0\\ a_4=\frac{4}{3}a_0\\ a_6=-\frac{8}{15}a_0\\ a_{2k}=(-1)^k\frac{2^k}{1.3.5...(2k-1)!}\\ =(-1)^k\frac{2^{2k}k!}{(2k)!}$ and: $a_3=a_1\\ a_4=-\frac{1}{2}a_1\\ a_7=\frac{1}{6}a_1\\ a_{2k+1}=\frac{(-1)^{k+1}}{k!}$ Therefore: $f(x)=a_0\sum \frac{2^{2k}k!}{(2k)!}x^{2k}+a_1 \sum (-1)^k \frac{x^{2k+1}}{k!}$
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