Ngugi wa Thiong’o: Short Stories Literary Elements

Ngugi wa Thiong’o: Short Stories Literary Elements

Genre

Fiction

Setting and Context

The book is set in the context of African beliefs and culture.

Narrator and Point of View

Third-person narrative

Tone and Mood

The tone is belligerent, and the mood is whimsical.

Protagonist and Antagonist

The protagonists are Nyokabi, Joshua and Mrs. Hill.

Major Conflict

The major conflict is in the story ‘Mugumo', where her husband batters a woman because she cannot bear a child. She runs away to the ghosts' valley to ask them to take her spirit away.

Climax

The climax comes in the story 'Village Priest', where Joshua is convinced to restore his faith by Livingstone.

Foreshadowing

The rainmaker’s sacrifice foreshadowed the power of African traditional worship.

Understatement

The assumption that God does not listen to black men by Joshua is an understatement. When Joshua prays to God to bring rain, it does not happen, but when the traditionalist sacrifices to the gods, it rains. The reality is that God listens to his people regardless of religion.

Allusions

The story alludes to African cultural practices and their significance.

Imagery

The imagery of the effect of rainfall paints a clear picture for readers to see how the land transformed from draught to a flood of water. The author writes, "The whole country looked dull. The sun seemed to have died prematurely, and a dull greyness had blanketed the earth. A cold wind began to blow and carried rubbish whirling up in the air.”

Paradox

The main paradox is that it rained despite the Priest begging God to honor his prayer to shame the traditional rainmaker.

Parallelism

The killing of Njoroge by Mrs. Hill parallels the hatred story by the whites against the blacks.

Metonymy and Synecdoche

N/A

Personification

In 'Rain Comes Down,' the heavens are personified when the author writes, “The heavens wore a wrinkled face and little angry clouds were gathering.”

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