Answer
(a) $W_g = 1.0 \times 10^4~J$
(b) $v = 16~m/s$
Work Step by Step
(a) Note that the angle between the force of gravity (which points straight down) and the cyclist's velocity vector is $86.0^{\circ}$. We can find the work done by gravity on the cyclist.
$W_g = F\cdot d~cos(86.0^{\circ})$
$W_g = mg \cdot d~cos(86.0^{\circ})$
$W_g = (85~kg)(9.80~m/s^2)(180~m)~cos(86.0^{\circ})$
$W_g = 10,000~J$
(b) The cyclist's kinetic energy after coasting down the hill will be equal to the work done on the cyclist by gravity.
$KE = W_g$
$\frac{1}{2}mv^2 = W_g$
$v^2 = \frac{2~W_g}{m}$
$v = \sqrt{\frac{2~W_g}{m}}$
$v = \sqrt{\frac{(2)(10,000~J)}{85~kg}}$
$v = 16~m/s$