Answer
x=-4
Work Step by Step
In an exponential function, a given value of x leads to exactly one value of $a^x$, thus we can rewrite the equation:
$3^x=\frac{1}{81}= 3^{-4}$ ( $3^4=81$ and $a^{-x}=\frac{1}{a^x})$
$x=-4$
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