Calculus 8th Edition

Published by Cengage
ISBN 10: 1285740629
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-062-1

Chapter 6 - Inverse Functions - 6.8 Indeterminate Forms and I'Hospital's Rule - 6.8 Exercises - Page 502: 93

Answer

$$ \lim _{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{S(x)}{x^{3}}=\frac{\pi}{6} $$ where $$ S(x)=\int_{0}^{x} \sin \left(\pi t^{2} / 2\right) d t $$

Work Step by Step

$$ \lim _{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{S(x)}{x^{3}},\quad\quad S(x)=\int_{0}^{x} \sin \left(\pi t^{2} / 2\right) d t $$ notice that as $ \quad x \rightarrow 0 \quad $ we have $ \quad S(x) \rightarrow 0 \quad $ and $ \quad x^{3} \rightarrow 0 $ so l’Hospital’s Rule gives $$ \begin{aligned} \lim _{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{S(x)}{x^{3}} &=\lim _{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{\int_{0}^{x} \sin \left(\pi t^{2} / 2\right) d t}{x^{3}} \quad\quad \rightarrow \frac{0}{0}\\ & \stackrel{\mathrm{H}}{=} \lim _{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin \left(\pi x^{2} / 2\right)}{3 x^{2}} \quad\quad \rightarrow \frac{0}{0}\\ & \stackrel{\mathrm{H}}{=} \lim _{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{\pi x \cos \left(\pi x^{2} / 2\right)}{6 x} \\ &=\frac{\pi}{6} \cdot \cos 0 \\ &=\frac{\pi}{6} \end{aligned} $$
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