The Old Man and the Sea Ernest Hemingway

References

Citations

  1. ^ Baker 1962, p. 1; Kosiba 2012.
  2. ^ Reynolds 1999, pp. 228–229; Baker 1988, p. 486.
  3. ^ Reynolds 1999, pp. 250–257; Baker 1988, pp. 488–489.
  4. ^ Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, p. xiii.
  5. ^ Cruz 1981, pp. 168–170.
  6. ^ Baker 1988, p. 264; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, p. xiv.
  7. ^ Baker 1988, p. 489; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, p. xiv.
  8. ^ Baker 1988, pp. 489–490; Reynolds 1999, p. 238.
  9. ^ Reynolds 1999, pp. 238, 249; Baker 1988, pp. 490, 492.
  10. ^ Baker 1988, pp. 492–493, 499.
  11. ^ Meyers 1985, p. 485; Baker 1988, pp. 499–501.
  12. ^ Baker 1988, p. 501.
  13. ^ Reynolds 1999, p. 250.
  14. ^ Sessions, William Alfred (Spring–Fall 2010). "Shenandoah and the Advent of Flannery O'Connor". Shenandoah. 60 (1–2): 229+. Retrieved April 16, 2024 – via Gale Literature Resource Center.
  15. ^ Baker 1988, pp. 503–504.
  16. ^ Meyers 1985, p. 485; Reynolds 1999, p. 258; Baker 1988, pp. 504–505.
  17. ^ Baker 1988, p. 505.
  18. ^ Reynolds 1999, pp. 258–259; Meyers 1982, p. 412; Meyers 1985, pp. 486–487; Schorer 1962, p. 134.
  19. ^ Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, pp. xix–xx.
  20. ^ Baker 1988, p. 505; Reynolds 1999, p. 259.
  21. ^ Meyers 1985, pp. 487–488; Reynolds 1999, p. 259.
  22. ^ Meyers 1985, pp. 488–489.
  23. ^ Reynolds 1999, p. 263; Baker 1988, p. 510; Meyers 1985, p. 489.
  24. ^ Baker 1988, p. 506.
  25. ^ Oliver 1999, p. 246; Nobel Prize citation.
  26. ^ Williams 1981, p. 173; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, p. xxi.
  27. ^ Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, pp. xxiii–xxvii.
  28. ^ Meyers 1985, p. 485.
  29. ^ "Regime Strategic Intent – Central Intelligence Agency". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on June 13, 2007.
  30. ^ "BBC – The Big Read – Top 200 (150–200)". British Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on November 19, 2003. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
  31. ^ Oliver 1999, pp. 247–248; Meyers 1985, pp. 489–493.
  32. ^ Oliver 1999, p. 248.
  33. ^ "The 72nd Academy Awards, 2000". Oscars.org. Archived from the original on April 17, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
  34. ^ Macdonald 1960, pp. 593, 596.
  35. ^ Macdonald 1960, pp. 597–598.
  36. ^ Brenner 1991, pp. 68–78.
  37. ^ Meyers 1985, p. 489.
  38. ^ Weeks 1962, pp. 188–192.
  39. ^ Sylvester 1996, pp. 265–266.
  40. ^ Sylvester 1996, pp. 246–249, 256–261.
  41. ^ Oliver 1999, p. 246.
  42. ^ Stoneback 2014, pp. 170–173.
  43. ^ Stoneback 2014, pp. 173, 176.
  44. ^ Oliver 1999; Meyers 1985, p. 489.
  45. ^ Backman 1962, pp. 142–143.
  46. ^ Waldmeir 1962, pp. 145–149.
  47. ^ Backman 1962, p. 142; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, p. 69.
  48. ^ Backman 1962, p. 143; Oliver 1999, pp. 57, 247; Waldmeir 1962, p. 144.
  49. ^ Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, p. 104.
  50. ^ Brenner 1991, pp. 37–38.
  51. ^ Stoneback 2014, pp. 176–177.
  52. ^ Brenner 1991, pp. 54–66.
  53. ^ Brenner 1991, pp. 80–96.
  54. ^ Stoneback 2014, pp. 167–168; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, p. xxvi.
  55. ^ Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, p. xxvi.
  56. ^ a b Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018, p. 49.
  57. ^ Beegel 1985, pp. 141–142, 146.
  58. ^ Beegel 1985, pp. 141–146.
  59. ^ Herlihy-Mera, Jeffrey (2017). "Cuba in Hemingway". The Hemingway Review. 36 (2): 8–41. doi:10.1353/hem.2017.0001. S2CID 149158145. Archived from the original on August 17, 2019. Retrieved January 6, 2020.
  60. ^ Herlihy, Jeffrey (2011). In Paris or Paname: Hemingway's Expatriate Nationalism. New York: Rodopi. p. 117. ISBN 978-9042034099. Archived from the original on August 17, 2019. Retrieved September 21, 2020.

Sources

  • Baker, Carlos (1962). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. OCLC 564729505.
  • Baker, Carlos (1988) [1969]. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
  • Backman, Melvin (1962) [1955]. "Hemingway: The Matador and the Crucified". In Baker, Carlos (ed.). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 135–143. OCLC 564729505.
  • Beegel, Susan (1985). "Santiago and the Eternal Feminine: Gendering La Mar in The Old Man and the Sea". In Broer, Lawrence; Holland, Gloria (eds.). Hemingway and Women: Female Critics and the Female Voice. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-1136-0.
  • Brenner, Gerry (1991). The Old Man and the Sea: Story of a Common Man. New York: Twayne Publishers. ISBN 978-0-8057-8040-6.
  • Cruz, Mary (1981). Cuba y hemingway en gran río de azul [Cuba and Hemingway on the Great Blue River] (in Spanish). Translated by Delpino, Mary. Havana: Unión de Escritores y Artistes de Cuba.
  • Kosiba, Sara (2012). "Ernest Hemingway". Oxford Bibliographies Online. doi:10.1093/obo/9780199827251-0022. ISBN 978-0-19-982725-1.
  • Macdonald, Dwight (1960). "Masscult and Midcult: II". Partisan Review. Vol. 27, no. 4. pp. 589–631. Archived from the original on May 4, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2023 – via Boston University.
  • Meyers, Jeffrey (1982). Hemingway: The Critical Heritage. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-0601-5437-0.
  • Meyers, Jeffrey (1985). Hemingway: A Biography. London: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-0601-5437-0.
  • "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1954". NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach. Archived from the original on February 9, 2023. Retrieved September 10, 2023.
  • Reynolds, Michael S. (1999). Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6.
  • Oliver, Charles M. (1999). Ernest Hemingway A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-3934-0.
  • Schorer, Mark (1962) [1952]. "With Grace Under Pressure". In Baker, Carlos (ed.). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 132–134. OCLC 564729505.
  • Stoneback, H. R. (2014). "'You Know The Name Is No Accident': Hemingway and the Matter of Santiago". In Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry (eds.). Hemingway, Cuba, and the Cuban Works. Kent: Kent State University Press. pp. 165–179. ISBN 978-1-6063-5181-9.
  • Sylvester, Bickford (1996). "The Cuban Context in The Old Man and the Sea". In Donaldson, Scott (ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Hemingway. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 243–268. ISBN 9781139000345.
  • Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry; Hays, Peter L. (2018). Reading Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea: Glossary and Commentary. Kent: Kent State University Press. ISBN 978-1-6063-5342-4.
  • Waldmeir, Joseph (1962). "Confiteor Hominem: Ernest Hemingway's Religion of Man". In Baker, Carlos (ed.). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. OCLC 564729505.
  • Weeks, Robert (1962). "Fakery in The Old Man and the Sea". College English. XXIV (3): 188–192. doi:10.2307/373283. JSTOR 373283.
  • Williams, Wirt (1981). The Tragic Art of Ernest Hemingway. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8071-0884-0.

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