- Baker, Carlos (1962). "Hemingway's Ancient Mariner". Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 156–173. OCLC 564729505.
- Baker, Carlos (1972). Hemingway: The Writer as Artist (4th ed.). Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691013055.
- Burhans Jr., Clinton S. (1962). "The Old Man and the Sea: Hemingway's Tragic Vision of Man". In Baker, Carlos (ed.). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 150–155. OCLC 564729505.
- Jobes, Katharine T., ed. (1968). Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Old Man and the Sea. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0136339174.
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